Boobs!
Ahem, sorry. Women can and do play roguelikes, though I think it's pretty non-controversial to say that most women have a far more casual relationship with video games than male gamers, and therefore you're going to see fewer female roguelikers.
Most women I've spoken to don't really "get" games that present obstacles between themselves and enjoyment. Roguelikes are full of those obstacles, the interface probably being at the heart of things. However, all three of the women who I managed to get to sit down and spend the time with Dungeon Crawl needed in order to get to the point where they could see past the sybmols and memorize the keystrokes ended up enjoying the game. Not just that: they "got" it.
For instance, I could see the calm, analytical concern on their faces when they were trapped in a hallway with centaur archers. They understood the gravity of the situation, and they'd check their hit points and teleport scroll supply.
They would bust out with obscenities when an advanced character died, and they would explain to my WHY the character died, and discuss ways in which to prevent future deaths. Such discussions usually ended with an informal ode to the particular character's accomplishments. That is to say, they knew and appreciated the purpose of permadeath.
That which was at first an obstacle - the lack of graphics - also later came to be appreciated; they didn't have to be constrained by the battle animations of commercial games and were allowed to envision whatever they wanted (a lack of thongs and D-cups on the little @ probably helped there.) One said to me that the reason she liked roguelikes were because they were "symbolic puzzle games with playful imagination at their nerdy heart." Really clever, I thought, but then she was an English major and profundity was her job. Each of them also liked that they could get up and make a cup of tea while they thought about what their next moves should be, or just save and walk away at any time: there was never any need to play for 4 hours in a row in order to get anywhere, ala Skyrim.
All were addicts for a time. Two still play it to this day, which means that their relationship with DCSS ran deeper than their relationship with me, thus DCSS is more of a man than I am. But I won out against DCSS on the last one.